Submissions

Author Guidelines

GENERAL AUTHOR GUIDELINES FOR STRUCTURING THE PUBLISHABLE RESEARCH ARTICLE

Style Sheet for GSC Himal-us

Authors must follow the journal's prescribed guidelines when submitting or revising manuscripts. The editors reserve the right to make editorial and stylistic revisions necessary to maintain consistency, clarity, and publication quality.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

1. Page Setup

• A4 paper size (210 × 297 mm);

• 1-inch margins on all sides;

• single-spaced;

• Times New Roman, 10-point font;

• paragraphs justified;

• appropriate spacing before and after major headings and subheadings;

• no unnecessary additional spacing between ordinary paragraphs;

• references, tables, titles, and figure legends single-spaced;

• endnotes rather than footnotes when required by the discipline;

• first line of each paragraph indented by 0.5 inch; and

• Arabic page numbers beginning on the title page and positioned at the top right.

2. Manuscript Content Manuscripts should follow the AIMRaD structure and generally contain the following sections:

• Title

• Author(s) and Affiliation(s)

• Abstract and Keywords

• Introduction

• Materials and Methods for Experimental Studies or Methodology for Non-Experimental Studies

• Results and Discussion

• Conclusions

• Generative AI Disclosure Statement, when applicable

• References

Manuscripts should generally contain 4,000–6,000 words, as appropriate to the nature, scope, and methodology of the study. The manuscript should be concise, coherent, scholarly, and sufficiently detailed to demonstrate the rigor and contribution of the research.

Acronyms and unfamiliar abbreviations should be spelled out at first mention. Scientific names should follow accepted disciplinary conventions. The International System of Units (SI) should be used where applicable. A zero should precede decimal values less than one (e.g., 0.25).

MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS

Title and Title Page. The title page should include the article title, running title, author name(s), institutional affiliation(s), ORCID iD(s), and complete contact details of the corresponding author. The title should accurately reflect the study, avoid unnecessary abbreviations, and be bold, centered, single-spaced, and written in sentence case. Scientific names should be italicized and include the appropriate taxonomic authority, where applicable.

Author(s) and Affiliation(s). Provide each author’s complete name and institutional affiliation. Use superscript Arabic numerals to link authors to their respective affiliations. Clearly identify the corresponding author and provide the complete mailing address and active email address. Authorship must reflect substantial scholarly contributions to the work.

Author(s). Provide the complete name of each author, institutional affiliation, country, ORCID iD, and the email address of the corresponding author.

Abstract. Provide a self-contained abstract of not more than 250 words presenting the problem or purpose, methods, principal results, conclusions, and implications. Avoid citations and information not reported in the manuscript.

Keywords. Provide a maximum of six keywords, arranged alphabetically and written in lowercase except for proper nouns. Avoid words already used in the title.

Introduction. Present the study background, significance, relevant literature and current knowledge, research gap, and purpose or objectives. Write the section as a coherent narrative without subheadings, tables, or figures.

Materials and Methods / Methodology. Describe the research design, study site, participants or data sources, sampling procedures, instruments, data-collection procedures, and methods of analysis. Include relevant statistical tests, parameters, and replications where applicable, and use appropriate subheadings for clarity. Identify equipment or chemicals by brand/model and country when necessary. Equations should be prepared using an equation editor.

Results and Discussion. Present and discuss the findings clearly and logically, following the research objectives and using appropriate subheadings. Tables and figures should supplement, not duplicate, the text. Interpret the findings by explaining their significance and relating them to relevant literature, theory, existing knowledge, and the study context. Highlight important similarities, differences, new insights, and implications supported by the findings.

Conclusions. Present concise, evidence-based conclusions that directly address the study objectives without repeating the Results and Discussion. State relevant implications for theory, policy, practice, or future research when supported by the findings.

Generative AI Statement. Disclose any use of generative AI or AI-assisted technologies, including the tool used and its purpose. Authors must verify all AI-assisted content and remain fully responsible for the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript. AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.

Ethical Considerations. State compliance with applicable research ethics requirements. Where relevant, provide the approving ethics committee or IRB and protocol number, informed-consent procedures, participant confidentiality and data-privacy safeguards, and appropriate human- or animal-research approvals.

References. Himal-us: Guimaras State University Multidisciplinary Research Journal adopts the Council of Science Editors (CSE), Scientific Style and Format, 8th edition, Name-Year system as its prescribed citation and referencing style.

Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference-management software such as Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, or equivalent reference-management applications to improve the accuracy and consistency of citations and references. Before final submission, all active citation fields, reference-manager links, or embedded field codes should be converted to plain text or otherwise removed from the manuscript while preserving the correctly formatted citations and reference list.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS

References to literature within the text should follow the CSE Name-Year system, using the author's family name and year of publication.

• One author: Cite the author's family name followed by the year.

  • Example: (Santos 2021) or Santos (2021)

• Two authors: Cite the family names of both authors followed by the year.

  • Example: (Reyes and Cruz 2022) or Reyes and Cruz (2022)

• Three or more authors: Cite only the family name of the first author followed by et al. and the year.

  • Example: (Navarro et al. 2023) or Navarro et al. (2023)

Multiple References in a Single Citation

• When citing several different references within the same parentheses, separate individual references with a semicolon followed by a single space. Arrange the references chronologically, from the earliest to the most recent publication.

  • Example: (Garcia 2018; Lim and Torres 2020; Ramos et al. 2024)

• When several works by the same author are cited together, separate the publication years with commas.

  • Example: (Mendoza 2017, 2020, 2024)

• When an author has more than one publication in the same year, distinguish the works by adding lowercase letters to the year.

  • Example: (Aquino 2022a, 2022b)

• When works by different authors have the same publication year, arrange the citations alphabetically by the family name of the first author and separate them with semicolons.

  • Example: (Alvarez 2023; Bautista and Ramos 2023; Villanueva et al. 2023)

REFERENCE LIST

The References section must contain only works that are cited in the manuscript. Conversely, all works cited in the text must appear in the reference list.

References should be arranged alphabetically by the family name of the first author and, when multiple works by the same author are included, chronologically by year of publication.

Authors are responsible for verifying the accuracy and completeness of every reference, including author names, publication year, article or chapter title, journal or book title, volume, issue, page range, publisher information, and DOI or other persistent identifier, when available.

Journal titles should be written in full and should not be abbreviated.

For works with more than 10 authors, list the first 10 authors followed by “and others.”

Journal Articles References to journal articles should generally contain the following elements:

• Author(s). Year. Title of article. Full Title of Journal. Volume(Issue):page range. DOI.

  • Example: Dela Cruz RM, Villareal JP. 2022. Digital learning practices and academic engagement among university students. Journal of Contemporary Education Research. 14(2):85–97. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxxx

Books References to books should generally contain the following elements:

• Author(s). Year. Title of book. Edition, when applicable. Place of publication: Publisher.

  • Example: Rivera LM. 2020. Foundations of environmental research. 3rd ed. Quezon City (PH): Academic Learning Press.

Chapters in Edited Books References to chapters in edited books should generally contain the following elements:

• Chapter author(s). Year. Title of chapter. In: Editor(s), editors. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher. Page range.

  • Example: Castillo AB. 2021. Community-based approaches to sustainable resource management. In: Mendoza RT, Flores CP, editors. Perspectives on environmental sustainability. Manila (PH): Scholarly Press. p. 115–132.

Online Sources References to online materials should contain sufficient information to identify and retrieve the source, including the author or responsible organization, year, title, publication or website information, and DOI or persistent URL when applicable.

Authors should prioritize scholarly, authoritative, traceable, and reliable sources. Where a DOI is available, the DOI should be provided as a complete link.

Reference-Management Software Authors are encouraged to manage their references using Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, or equivalent reference-management software and to select or configure the CSE Name-Year citation style.

Before submitting the final manuscript, authors must:

• verify that every in-text citation has a corresponding entry in the References section;

• verify that every entry in the References section is cited in the manuscript;

• check author names, publication dates, titles, volume and issue numbers, page ranges, and DOIs for accuracy;

• ensure consistent application of the CSE Name-Year format throughout the manuscript;

• remove duplicate, incomplete, or uncited references; and

• remove or unlink active reference-manager field codes before final submission while retaining the formatted citations and references as plain text.

The accuracy and completeness of citations and references remain the responsibility of the author(s).