Community Practices and Sanitation Behaviors in Selected Barangays of Nueva Valencia, Guimaras: A Foundation for Igang Sub-Watershed Management Planning

Abstract

Watershed management plays a critical role in maintaining environmental sustainability, ensuring water quality, and supporting the livelihoods of communities that depend on natural resources. This study assessed the socio-economic characteristics and health and sanitation practices of residents in selected barangays surrounding the Igang Sub-Watershed in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras, Philippines. Specifically, the research examined the demographic profile of households and analyzed their practices related to water sources, cooking fuel, sanitation facilities, and waste disposal. A descriptive research design employing quantitative methods was used in the study. Data were collected from 400 household respondents through a researcher-developed questionnaire administered using face-to-face interviews. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools such as frequency counts and percentage distributions to determine patterns and trends in the respondents’ socio-economic conditions and sanitation practices. The results revealed that most households rely on water pumps and refilling stations as their primary sources of drinking water, indicating increased access to improved water systems. Wood and charcoal remain the dominant cooking fuels among respondents, reflecting continued dependence on biomass energy in rural households. In terms of sanitation facilities, the majority of households reported using flush or water-sealed toilets, suggesting relatively improved sanitation conditions in the study area. However, waste management practices vary across communities, with garbage collection and dump pits being the most common disposal methods, while some households still practice burning and other informal waste disposal approaches. These findings highlight the relationship between socio-economic conditions, sanitation practices, and environmental sustainability in the watershed area. The study provides baseline information that can support the formulation of the Igang Sub-Watershed Management Plan by identifying key areas for intervention, including improved waste management systems, sustainable resource use, and community-based environmental education. Strengthening sanitation infrastructure, promoting sustainable household practices, and enhancing community participation are essential strategies for protecting watershed resources and improving public health outcomes in Nueva Valencia, Guimaras.